Validation is the act and consequence of validating. This verb, in turn, refers to giving something valid (legal, acceptable or consistent). Validation can be the approval, regularization or rectification of something.
For example: “The government sent the project to the Chamber of Deputies for validation”, “Tomorrow I have to go to the university to process the validation of my academic title”, “The validation of the agreement has not yet taken place”.
Suppose a person completes his secondary education in a country and then emigrates. In his new home, this individual intends to pursue a university career. To enroll in college, however, he must first have his high school degree validated. According to abbreviationfinder.org, the educational authorities of the nation have to ratify that his degree is equivalent to the one issued in this country and, therefore, allows him to start higher studies.
In a soccer game, on the other hand, the referee is in charge of validating or canceling the plays according to what is established by the regulations. Let us take the case of a player who takes a shot on goal (the goal) from a position that, according to the linesman, is illegal for violating the law of offside (also known as offside). The ball (the ball) ends up entering the goal. The main referee, beyond what was indicated by the line judge, considers that the footballer was not in an advanced position. That is why he makes the decision to validate the goal.
If we focus on the field of Law, we speak of validation to refer to the regularization and/or rectification that is carried out in a null contract, so that it becomes effective and valid (that is, it becomes a validated contract). This occurs when the person who transmits a thing is not its owner or does not have power over it at the time of signing the contract, but he gets it some time later.
In other words, the validation of a contract is carried out with the aim of making its contestability disappear, an appeal that has been imposed against its resolution. If the law provides that for a contract to become effective it is necessary to carry out certain adjustments, such as the verification of some of its data or the legal situation of its parties, this process also begins, which entails the presentation of a series of documents, among other procedures.
The validation serves to make valid something that until now was not, that existed but had not been formalized, and constitutes a legal act, which is carried out by a person with the aim of creating, changing, transferring, maintaining or extinguishing certain rights, whether or not determined by law; Another characteristic of the legal act is that it is carried out voluntarily and causes effects to third parties.
To better understand the concept of validation, it is necessary to talk about nullity. The Law defines it as a generic situation that renders invalid a judicial, administrative or legal act, or a norm, and ensures that it no longer displays its legal effects. The nullity requires a declaration, tacit or express, and must coexist with the celebration of the thing that is intended to be annulled.
There are two types of nullity: absolute, such as a purchase-sale contract that is not signed by both parties or someone who marries twice before dissolving their first marriage; the relative, which occurs when minors enter into a contract that requires the age of majority. Depending on each case, the type of nullity affects the possibility of carrying out the validation; Broadly speaking, it is possible to validate an act vitiated by relative nullity or one of absolute nullity that is considered rectifiable, according to the current law.